Improved



@intieme A'GEORGE `Brio,KAvuJorLODLN Ew YORK. VLeafyrs'laaem No; 89,971, datazMay 11,1859.

rmpnovnn APPLE-PARER AND einem?.`

The Schedule referred to in these Letters Patent and making part of the same.

To all whom 'it may concern:` l

Be itknown that I, GEORGE yW. BROKAW, of Lodi,`

'in' the county of Seneca, andV in the State .oil1 New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Combined Apple-Parer and Slicer; and do' hereby declare that ,the following is afull, clear, and exact description thereof, referencebeing had to the accompanying drawings, and to the letters of reference 1 In order to enable others skilledv in the art `to which my invention appertains, to make and use the same, I

y willnow proceed td describe itsconstructiouand operation, referring to the annexed drawings, which form I a part of this specification, and in which- Figure 1 is a side elevation of the machine; Figur-H is Va side view of the mechanism which l. changes the machine'om paring to slicing, and cica ,'uersa;` y

Figure 3 isa front elevation of the machine; and y Figure 4 is a vertical section of the standard which holds the paring-knife.` A represents a bed-plate, o`n which is an upright standard, B, .of suitableheight. a a y v In` the upper end of `this standardV B, one end of a s haft, C, has its bearing, the other end. of said shaft having its bearing in an arm, l), which extends from the-upper end of another standard, E.

Oltheshaft C is placed Va hollow wheel or casing, F, which, ou its front edge, is provided with a series of cogs, thatoperate both the parer and sheer.- This shaft is turned by a crank, G, on the rear side of the standard B. L a i Between the lower ends of the two standards,B and E, a shaft, r1I, is pivoted, whichshaft is, near the standard E, provided with an arm, I, which extends v` upward, and its upper endcurved inward.

Through 'the upper end ofthe arinlis placed a sleeve, J, in which revolves a shaft, which is, aty its `outer or "front end, provided with a three-pronged fork,

K, on which the apple is placed.

On the other end of' thisshait is placed a small cog` wheel, L, which is' made, atpcertain intervals, to gear with the cogs on the casing or wheel l?, thusxcansing the fork K to'revolve. y f` At a suit-able point on the arm I is secured a bent bar, M, to the outer end of which is pivoted a cogwheel, N, which is also,` at `certain intervals, made to A gear with the cogs on the wheel or casing F, and operates the slicing-imite, as `will be hereinafter-fuily set forth.

`The arnul, with `its bar M, is so arranged, that by turning the shaft H, either one or the other of the two cog-wheels, L and N, wi1l be thrown in gear with the wheel F." Y

^` with an eccentricslot, having a notch in its upper and lower end, as seen in fig. 2.

'A journal or small shaft, P, which has'its bearing in the standard B, is so placed that an arm, R,Yplaced on .the same, will, when said shaft is turned, operate in the eccentric slot 'on the arm O,and consequently turn vthis arm, first to one side and then to the other. i

This motion of the arm O rocks the shaft H, and y causes the arm I also to move, first. to one side and then back again, throwing the cog-wheels L and N, alternately, in and out of gear Vwith the large wheel F.

0n the inner end of the shaft P, that is between the arm'O and the wheel F, is placed a toothed wheel, S, which is turned by a pin, T, on the rem' side of the wheel F, so that for each revolution ofthe main wheel, the small toothedrwheel S is turned the distance of one of its teeth.

At a'sutable point on the ,inner'cr real-,side of the standardgE, is pivoted a bent bar, V, which` passes through a slot in the arm I, and is itself slotted at its' outer end. Y

Through the slotted' end of the bar V passes another bent bar, X, which is provided with cogs at both ends. l

l When the rocking shaftH is turned, so that the A.

wheel ,LY gears with the large wheel F, the movement of the armA I to one side or outward, rai/ses the bar V,

i so as to 'bring the rear end of the rack-bar X in gear with a worm, Y, on the outer periphery of the wheel F.

The motion of this latter wheel causes the rack-bar X to "move forward, and, as its front end is held by a loop, a, on a horizontal plate, b, at the top of a stand-v ard, Z, and gears into a cog-wheel, o, at the top of saidf standard, the motion ofthe large wheel F will ,conse-Y quently turn this wheel o.

shaft, d, in the same, said shaft being, at its lower'end, provided with a circumferential groove, so that a screw, e,`which passes through the standard Z into said groove,

may hold 4the shaft d down in' its place, but, at the .a

same time, allowv it to revolve.

At the upper' end of the standard Z is secured the plate b, and the cog-wheel c is placed on or secured to the shaft d, just above said plate.

ence. g a Above the cog-wheel c', the shaft d is enlarged and slotted, and in this slot a bent arm, f, is pivoted, said arm beingV held in its proper upright position by a g spring, g, which is embedded in a groove on the shaft d.

The spring g, at the same time, a's it holds the arm j, allows this arm to yield Isuiiicient to accommodate the paring-knife to any-sized apple. l

The standard Z is hollow in its upper part,and a To the upper' end of the arm f is secured a conical cyliider, h, which, near its upper end, is provided with a slot'of suitable dimensions, and around the cylinder' is placed a band, m, sharpened on its upper edge, so as to form the paling-knife. This sharpened portion is just above the lower edge of the slot in the cylinder h, as seen plainly in fig. 3. f

The apple to be pared is placed on the three-pronged fork K, and the machine being pnt in motion by the turning of the crank G, the wheel L, gearing into the Y cogs on the main wheel F, causes the fork, with the apple, to revolve.

At the same time, the rack-bar X, being moved hy the Worm Y, turns the cog-wheel c, with the shalt d, arm f, and cylinder h, so that the knife m, being pressed inward hy the spring g, will follow the circumference of theapple, and pare it.

From a suitable point onthe bedplate A, rises another curved standard, n, near the lower end ofwhich is pivoted Ia bent lever, o, one end of which extends upward, and has, at its upper end, the slicing-knife p secured to it.'

The other end of the levero extendstoward the rear, passing between the standard E and a guide, r,

, secured to the bed-plate near the foot 'of said standard, and this end of the lever -o is, hy a pit-mains, connected with the cog-wheel N.

At the top of the curved standard n is pivoted a lever, t, to a pin, on which is pivoted the curved and slotted knife-guide fr. 4 l

The inner or rear end of this guide rests on a pin at the upper end of a bar, w, the lower end of which is pivoted to the front side of the standard E.

The slicing-knife p' passes through the slot inthe guide e, and by the use of the level' t, it will he seen that the position of the guide will be changed, so that the knife will cut closer to or further from the core of the apple, as may be desired.

The apple having been pared, as above described, the mechanism on the rear side of the wheel Ff will turn the rocking-shaft H, so that the wheel L is thrown out of geanaud the wheel N in gear, with the cogs on the wheel F. p

To the rack-bar X is secured a bent rod, A', the frontend of which bears against a bent arm, B', on the lever o, so that when the rack-bar is moving for ward, turning the paring-knife, it will, at the same time, move the slicing or cutting-knife to the outer or front end of the guide c.-

At this instant the change of the wheels L and N is effected, and the latter wheel being thrown in gear with the main wheel F, causes said wheel to revolve,

which gives to the slicing-knifc p the necessary backv ward and forward motion, the fork K, with the pared ,apple, being brought in proper position to be cut by said knife.

So that the apple should be cut on all sides, or per` fectly cored, the apple ought `to revolve, and for this purpose, I pivot a curved lever, C', to the arm D, in which one end of the shaft C has its bearing, as above mentioned.

To the .upper end of this curved lever O is pivoted apawl, D', having two teeth at its outer end, as seen in fig. 3, which pawl gears withthe cogwheel L when the machine is brought in position for slicing.

The lower end of the curved lever O" is in such a position as to be acted upon by the upper end of the pitman s once during each. revolution'of the wheel N, whereby the pawl D' will turn the Wheel L the distance of two of its cogs.

As soon as the head of the pitman s escapes ti'om the lower end of the curved` lever O', a spring, E', attached to the upper side of the arm D, and `bearing against a pin on said lever, causes it to return to its first position, to be again acted upon by the pitman at the next revolution of the wheel N. p

lt will he seen that the arm' V, which supports the rack-har X, is, by the change from paring to slicing, lowered, through the motion ofthe arm I, so that the rear end of said rack-haris moved away from the worm Y, and the first stroke lof the slicing-knile moves the rack-har backward, again turning the paring-knife, so to commence the operation of paring the next apple at thc proper time. l

This motion of the rack-har is effected by the arm B' and rod A', heilig exactly the reverse motion from that which brought the slicing-knife to the outerend of the knife-guide.

'As soon as the liest apple has been cut, the core is taken oli", and a new apple put on, after the change of the rocking-shalt H has brought the wheel L into gear again. I

This motion of the arm I raises the lever V, so as to throw the rack-bar X in geen' again withv the worm Y.

If the machine were constructed only as far as now described, then, it is evident, the first stroke of the slicing or cutting-knife p would cut a very large and thick slice, unfit to be dried on account of its size.

To avoid this, there is pivoted on the arm I, a lever, F', which passes through a slot in the standard E, and is, ata suitable point on its under side, provided with a notclna',` as seen in fig. 3.

When the machine is paring, this lever F is drawn to one side,'so that the notch a. will catch on a har,

G', which is attachedV to the bar w, and rests against the side of the standard E.

When, now, the change is made from paring to slicing, and the arm `I moves to the other side, the lever F moves the upper end ofthe barw slightly outward, which consequently carries the inner end of thc guide c with it.

By this means the slicing-knife will, at its first stroke, cut a slice ofthe prop er thickness to be dried.

As soon as the knife, after the first stroke, moves outward again, the headed bolt,l which connects the pitman s to the wheel N, will strike against the outer end of the lever F', raising it high enough to release the notch c from the bar G', when a spring, H', which bears against said bar, will at once bring the knifeguide back again to its lirst place.

The wheel N, to' which the pitman s is connected, is provided with an enlargement, I', which acts as a balance for the wheel, so that while the operation of paring is going on, and the knife p is being moved to the outer end of the knife-guide, the wheel N will be put in the exact position required to cause the proper motion of the slicing-knife, as soon as said wheel is thrown in gear with the main wheel F.

If this were not the case, or if the wheel were not yprovided with silch a balance, it would be very liable to turn, so as to be thrown into gear at a wrong point, calsing the knife to cut larger pieces than itis intended to o.,

'The balance I keeps the wheel always in such a position, that the knife and the other parts of th'e machine will work inharmony.

The teeth on the wheel S, through which the necessary rocking motion is contributed to the shaft H, are of the peculiar construction shown in fig. 2, so that the piu or lug l will strike each tooth almost parallel with it, thereby commencing the motion of said wheel slowly, and increasing until the lug has moved off.

By this means, I avoid the sudden concussion which would inevitably follow if the teeth were of any other shape.

In place ol' the mechanism herein described, for.

changing the machine from paring to slicing, and vice operates; andit will be seen that by this means the `pressur'eof the pariugknife will be exactly the same,

at whatever angle the arm f may be placed, and cond sequently hear with "equal force :,igainst the apple on the fork K, whether this apple is large or sluall.

In all other paring-machines the pressure of the paring-knife is greater', the larger the apple is, but in `mine the pressure is` invariably the saine.

It will also be seen that the slicing-knife,ii'oni the peculiar arrangement of thedevic'es which operaie the same, has drawing asjwell as cutting-stroke, which -is very in'iportant, as it has been found, `by exlperience, that a knife having a purely cutting-stroke will not penetrate a bruised or soft apple, while one having adrawing-strolte will outsuch au apple. equally as well as a hard one. Then the slicing-knife., running in the curved guide, follows the core of the apple, thus saving the greatest amount of" the apple, at the same time cutting the pieces in a curved shape, so that they cannot lie flat onu the board, and consequently dry quicker.

In a working-machine, I dispense 'with the'bed-plate l A, and arrange the standards in such a/lnanner that box. Having thus fully described my invention,

What I claim as new, and desire to secul'e'by Letters Patent, is-

1. The wheelor casing F, constructed as described, with cogs on its inner edge," and a worin on its periphery, substantially as and for the purposes herein set forth. i, t f

2. The combination of the shaft H, arm O,having' at its upper end anotched eccentric or cam-shaped slot, the shaft H, arm Ii, toothed y vheelS, and pin T, all constructed as described, so as to give the shaft H a rocking motion, substantially as and for the purposes herein set forth.

3..' In combination with the shaft H and a mechanism for giving said shaft aroeking motion, the arm I, with its bar M, eachbeing provided with a cog-wheel, as described, so as to be alternately thrown in and out of gear with the-cogs on the main wheel F, all substantially as and for the purposes herein set forth.

4. The arrangement of the lever V, pivoted to the standard E, and passing through a slot in the arm I, its outer end supporting the rack-bar X, so that by the the machinecan be attached to the edge' of a tub or motion of the said arm the rack-bar will be thrown in and out of gear with the worm Y on the main wheel F, substantiallyr as and for the purposes herein set orth,

5. The arrangement of the shaft d within the hollow standard Z, when said `shaft -carriesor supports the paring-knife, and receives its'motion from a worm on the outside of the main wheel F, by means of a movable rack-bar, X, and cog-wheel c, substantially as herein set forth. i

6. The arm f, carrying `the paring-knifem, when pivoted to the shaft d, and provided with an eccentric against which the spring q presses, so as to cause the at whatever angle said arm is placed, that is, whether the apple is large or small, substantially as herein set forth. 4

manuel-that the mechanism which operates the paringyknife, will set the slicing-knife in proper position, and yrice versa, substantially as herein set forth. l

8. The arrangement ofthe bent lever o, carrying :at one end the slicing-knife p, and at -the other end connected, by a pitm'an, s, to the cog-wheel N, whereby the slicing-knife obtains a drawing as well as cuttingstroke, substantially as herein set forth.

described; so as to guide the slicing-knife in a semicircular. course,.ibllowing the shape of the core, substantially as herein setforth.

l0. The knife-guide lv, constructed'as described, its

arranged substantially as and for the purposes herein set forth.' i

l1. The arrangement of the notched latch F', bar

guide 'v and spring H, or their equivalents, whereby the slicing-knife is made to out the irst piece thin, substantially as herein set forth. 12. 'Ihe arrangement of the bent' lever G', pawl' D', and spring E', the lever worked by the head of the pitmau s, for the -purpose of turning the apple while slicing, substantially as herein set forth. V 13. Providing the cog-wheel, through which motion iseommunicated to the slicing-knife, with afbalance, substantially as and foi-.the purposes herein set forth.

Intest-i'mony that I clainrthe foregoing, I have hereunto set my hand, this 21st day of April, 1869.

GEO. WBRoK'AW.

.Witnesses:

A. Na MARR, LEOPOLD EVERT,

paring-imite to have an equal pressure on the apple,

T. Constructing an apple-parerand Slicer lin such a 9. rIhe curved and slotted guide c, constructedas' inner end resting on asuitable pivot, and its outer end adjusted by means of vthe lever t, when combined and G, leverI w, which supports the inner end of the knife-v 

